update

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/LICENSE

@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+Copyright (c) 2007-2009 Justin Bronn
+All rights reserved.
+
+Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
+are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
+
+    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, 
+       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+   
+    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright 
+       notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
+       documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
+
+    3. Neither the name of GEOSGeometry nor the names of its contributors may be used
+       to endorse or promote products derived from this software without
+       specific prior written permission.
+
+THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
+ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
+DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR
+ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
+(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;
+LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON
+ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
+SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+"""
+The GeoDjango GEOS module.  Please consult the GeoDjango documentation
+for more details: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/contrib/gis/geos/
+"""
+
+from .collections import (  # NOQA
+    GeometryCollection,
+    MultiLineString,
+    MultiPoint,
+    MultiPolygon,
+)
+from .error import GEOSException  # NOQA
+from .factory import fromfile, fromstr  # NOQA
+from .geometry import GEOSGeometry, hex_regex, wkt_regex  # NOQA
+from .io import WKBReader, WKBWriter, WKTReader, WKTWriter  # NOQA
+from .libgeos import geos_version  # NOQA
+from .linestring import LinearRing, LineString  # NOQA
+from .point import Point  # NOQA
+from .polygon import Polygon  # NOQA

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/base.py

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.ptr import CPointerBase
+
+
+class GEOSBase(CPointerBase):
+    null_ptr_exception_class = GEOSException

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/collections.py

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+"""
+This module houses the Geometry Collection objects:
+GeometryCollection, MultiPoint, MultiLineString, and MultiPolygon
+"""
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.linestring import LinearRing, LineString
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.point import Point
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.polygon import Polygon
+
+
+class GeometryCollection(GEOSGeometry):
+    _typeid = 7
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        "Initialize a Geometry Collection from a sequence of Geometry objects."
+        # Checking the arguments
+        if len(args) == 1:
+            # If only one geometry provided or a list of geometries is provided
+            #  in the first argument.
+            if isinstance(args[0], (tuple, list)):
+                init_geoms = args[0]
+            else:
+                init_geoms = args
+        else:
+            init_geoms = args
+
+        # Ensuring that only the permitted geometries are allowed in this collection
+        # this is moved to list mixin super class
+        self._check_allowed(init_geoms)
+
+        # Creating the geometry pointer array.
+        collection = self._create_collection(len(init_geoms), init_geoms)
+        super().__init__(collection, **kwargs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        "Iterate over each Geometry in the Collection."
+        for i in range(len(self)):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        "Return the number of geometries in this Collection."
+        return self.num_geom
+
+    # ### Methods for compatibility with ListMixin ###
+    def _create_collection(self, length, items):
+        # Creating the geometry pointer array.
+        geoms = (GEOM_PTR * length)(
+            *[
+                # this is a little sloppy, but makes life easier
+                # allow GEOSGeometry types (python wrappers) or pointer types
+                capi.geom_clone(getattr(g, "ptr", g))
+                for g in items
+            ]
+        )
+        return capi.create_collection(self._typeid, geoms, length)
+
+    def _get_single_internal(self, index):
+        return capi.get_geomn(self.ptr, index)
+
+    def _get_single_external(self, index):
+        "Return the Geometry from this Collection at the given index (0-based)."
+        # Checking the index and returning the corresponding GEOS geometry.
+        return GEOSGeometry(
+            capi.geom_clone(self._get_single_internal(index)), srid=self.srid
+        )
+
+    def _set_list(self, length, items):
+        "Create a new collection, and destroy the contents of the previous pointer."
+        prev_ptr = self.ptr
+        srid = self.srid
+        self.ptr = self._create_collection(length, items)
+        if srid:
+            self.srid = srid
+        capi.destroy_geom(prev_ptr)
+
+    _set_single = GEOSGeometry._set_single_rebuild
+    _assign_extended_slice = GEOSGeometry._assign_extended_slice_rebuild
+
+    @property
+    def kml(self):
+        "Return the KML for this Geometry Collection."
+        return "<MultiGeometry>%s</MultiGeometry>" % "".join(g.kml for g in self)
+
+    @property
+    def tuple(self):
+        "Return a tuple of all the coordinates in this Geometry Collection"
+        return tuple(g.tuple for g in self)
+
+    coords = tuple
+
+
+# MultiPoint, MultiLineString, and MultiPolygon class definitions.
+class MultiPoint(GeometryCollection):
+    _allowed = Point
+    _typeid = 4
+
+
+class MultiLineString(LinearGeometryMixin, GeometryCollection):
+    _allowed = (LineString, LinearRing)
+    _typeid = 5
+
+
+class MultiPolygon(GeometryCollection):
+    _allowed = Polygon
+    _typeid = 6
+
+
+# Setting the allowed types here since GeometryCollection is defined before
+# its subclasses.
+GeometryCollection._allowed = (
+    Point,
+    LineString,
+    LinearRing,
+    Polygon,
+    MultiPoint,
+    MultiLineString,
+    MultiPolygon,
+)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/coordseq.py

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+"""
+This module houses the GEOSCoordSeq object, which is used internally
+by GEOSGeometry to house the actual coordinates of the Point,
+LineString, and LinearRing geometries.
+"""
+
+from ctypes import byref, c_byte, c_double, c_uint
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.base import GEOSBase
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import CS_PTR
+from django.contrib.gis.shortcuts import numpy
+
+
+class GEOSCoordSeq(GEOSBase):
+    "The internal representation of a list of coordinates inside a Geometry."
+
+    ptr_type = CS_PTR
+
+    def __init__(self, ptr, z=False):
+        "Initialize from a GEOS pointer."
+        if not isinstance(ptr, CS_PTR):
+            raise TypeError("Coordinate sequence should initialize with a CS_PTR.")
+        self._ptr = ptr
+        self._z = z
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        "Iterate over each point in the coordinate sequence."
+        for i in range(self.size):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        "Return the number of points in the coordinate sequence."
+        return self.size
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        "Return the string representation of the coordinate sequence."
+        return str(self.tuple)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        "Return the coordinate sequence value at the given index."
+        self._checkindex(index)
+        return self._point_getter(index)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index, value):
+        "Set the coordinate sequence value at the given index."
+        # Checking the input value
+        if isinstance(value, (list, tuple)):
+            pass
+        elif numpy and isinstance(value, numpy.ndarray):
+            pass
+        else:
+            raise TypeError(
+                "Must set coordinate with a sequence (list, tuple, or numpy array)."
+            )
+        # Checking the dims of the input
+        if self.dims == 3 and self._z:
+            n_args = 3
+            point_setter = self._set_point_3d
+        else:
+            n_args = 2
+            point_setter = self._set_point_2d
+        if len(value) != n_args:
+            raise TypeError("Dimension of value does not match.")
+        self._checkindex(index)
+        point_setter(index, value)
+
+    # #### Internal Routines ####
+    def _checkindex(self, index):
+        "Check the given index."
+        if not (0 <= index < self.size):
+            raise IndexError("invalid GEOS Geometry index: %s" % index)
+
+    def _checkdim(self, dim):
+        "Check the given dimension."
+        if dim < 0 or dim > 2:
+            raise GEOSException('invalid ordinate dimension "%d"' % dim)
+
+    def _get_x(self, index):
+        return capi.cs_getx(self.ptr, index, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def _get_y(self, index):
+        return capi.cs_gety(self.ptr, index, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def _get_z(self, index):
+        return capi.cs_getz(self.ptr, index, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def _set_x(self, index, value):
+        capi.cs_setx(self.ptr, index, value)
+
+    def _set_y(self, index, value):
+        capi.cs_sety(self.ptr, index, value)
+
+    def _set_z(self, index, value):
+        capi.cs_setz(self.ptr, index, value)
+
+    @property
+    def _point_getter(self):
+        return self._get_point_3d if self.dims == 3 and self._z else self._get_point_2d
+
+    def _get_point_2d(self, index):
+        return (self._get_x(index), self._get_y(index))
+
+    def _get_point_3d(self, index):
+        return (self._get_x(index), self._get_y(index), self._get_z(index))
+
+    def _set_point_2d(self, index, value):
+        x, y = value
+        self._set_x(index, x)
+        self._set_y(index, y)
+
+    def _set_point_3d(self, index, value):
+        x, y, z = value
+        self._set_x(index, x)
+        self._set_y(index, y)
+        self._set_z(index, z)
+
+    # #### Ordinate getting and setting routines ####
+    def getOrdinate(self, dimension, index):
+        "Return the value for the given dimension and index."
+        self._checkindex(index)
+        self._checkdim(dimension)
+        return capi.cs_getordinate(self.ptr, index, dimension, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def setOrdinate(self, dimension, index, value):
+        "Set the value for the given dimension and index."
+        self._checkindex(index)
+        self._checkdim(dimension)
+        capi.cs_setordinate(self.ptr, index, dimension, value)
+
+    def getX(self, index):
+        "Get the X value at the index."
+        return self.getOrdinate(0, index)
+
+    def setX(self, index, value):
+        "Set X with the value at the given index."
+        self.setOrdinate(0, index, value)
+
+    def getY(self, index):
+        "Get the Y value at the given index."
+        return self.getOrdinate(1, index)
+
+    def setY(self, index, value):
+        "Set Y with the value at the given index."
+        self.setOrdinate(1, index, value)
+
+    def getZ(self, index):
+        "Get Z with the value at the given index."
+        return self.getOrdinate(2, index)
+
+    def setZ(self, index, value):
+        "Set Z with the value at the given index."
+        self.setOrdinate(2, index, value)
+
+    # ### Dimensions ###
+    @property
+    def size(self):
+        "Return the size of this coordinate sequence."
+        return capi.cs_getsize(self.ptr, byref(c_uint()))
+
+    @property
+    def dims(self):
+        "Return the dimensions of this coordinate sequence."
+        return capi.cs_getdims(self.ptr, byref(c_uint()))
+
+    @property
+    def hasz(self):
+        """
+        Return whether this coordinate sequence is 3D. This property value is
+        inherited from the parent Geometry.
+        """
+        return self._z
+
+    # ### Other Methods ###
+    def clone(self):
+        "Clone this coordinate sequence."
+        return GEOSCoordSeq(capi.cs_clone(self.ptr), self.hasz)
+
+    @property
+    def kml(self):
+        "Return the KML representation for the coordinates."
+        # Getting the substitution string depending on whether the coordinates have
+        #  a Z dimension.
+        if self.hasz:
+            substr = "%s,%s,%s "
+        else:
+            substr = "%s,%s,0 "
+        return (
+            "<coordinates>%s</coordinates>"
+            % "".join(substr % self[i] for i in range(len(self))).strip()
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def tuple(self):
+        "Return a tuple version of this coordinate sequence."
+        n = self.size
+        get_point = self._point_getter
+        if n == 1:
+            return get_point(0)
+        return tuple(get_point(i) for i in range(n))
+
+    @property
+    def is_counterclockwise(self):
+        """Return whether this coordinate sequence is counterclockwise."""
+        ret = c_byte()
+        if not capi.cs_is_ccw(self.ptr, byref(ret)):
+            raise GEOSException(
+                'Error encountered in GEOS C function "%s".' % capi.cs_is_ccw.func_name
+            )
+        return ret.value == 1

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/error.py

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+class GEOSException(Exception):
+    "The base GEOS exception, indicates a GEOS-related error."
+
+    pass

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/factory.py

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, hex_regex, wkt_regex
+
+
+def fromfile(file_h):
+    """
+    Given a string file name, returns a GEOSGeometry. The file may contain WKB,
+    WKT, or HEX.
+    """
+    # If given a file name, get a real handle.
+    if isinstance(file_h, str):
+        with open(file_h, "rb") as file_h:
+            buf = file_h.read()
+    else:
+        buf = file_h.read()
+
+    # If we get WKB need to wrap in memoryview(), so run through regexes.
+    if isinstance(buf, bytes):
+        try:
+            decoded = buf.decode()
+        except UnicodeDecodeError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            if wkt_regex.match(decoded) or hex_regex.match(decoded):
+                return GEOSGeometry(decoded)
+    else:
+        return GEOSGeometry(buf)
+
+    return GEOSGeometry(memoryview(buf))
+
+
+def fromstr(string, **kwargs):
+    "Given a string value, return a GEOSGeometry object."
+    return GEOSGeometry(string, **kwargs)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/geometry.py

@@ -0,0 +1,780 @@
+"""
+This module contains the 'base' GEOSGeometry object -- all GEOS Geometries
+inherit from this object.
+"""
+
+import re
+from ctypes import addressof, byref, c_double
+
+from django.contrib.gis import gdal
+from django.contrib.gis.geometry import hex_regex, json_regex, wkt_regex
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.base import GEOSBase
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.coordseq import GEOSCoordSeq
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR, geos_version_tuple
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.mutable_list import ListMixin
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prepared import PreparedGeometry
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.io import ewkb_w, wkb_r, wkb_w, wkt_r, wkt_w
+from django.utils.deconstruct import deconstructible
+from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes, force_str
+
+
+class GEOSGeometryBase(GEOSBase):
+    _GEOS_CLASSES = None
+
+    ptr_type = GEOM_PTR
+    destructor = capi.destroy_geom
+    has_cs = False  # Only Point, LineString, LinearRing have coordinate sequences
+
+    def __init__(self, ptr, cls):
+        self._ptr = ptr
+
+        # Setting the class type (e.g., Point, Polygon, etc.)
+        if type(self) in (GEOSGeometryBase, GEOSGeometry):
+            if cls is None:
+                if GEOSGeometryBase._GEOS_CLASSES is None:
+                    # Inner imports avoid import conflicts with GEOSGeometry.
+                    from .collections import (
+                        GeometryCollection,
+                        MultiLineString,
+                        MultiPoint,
+                        MultiPolygon,
+                    )
+                    from .linestring import LinearRing, LineString
+                    from .point import Point
+                    from .polygon import Polygon
+
+                    GEOSGeometryBase._GEOS_CLASSES = {
+                        0: Point,
+                        1: LineString,
+                        2: LinearRing,
+                        3: Polygon,
+                        4: MultiPoint,
+                        5: MultiLineString,
+                        6: MultiPolygon,
+                        7: GeometryCollection,
+                    }
+                cls = GEOSGeometryBase._GEOS_CLASSES[self.geom_typeid]
+            self.__class__ = cls
+        self._post_init()
+
+    def _post_init(self):
+        "Perform post-initialization setup."
+        # Setting the coordinate sequence for the geometry (will be None on
+        # geometries that do not have coordinate sequences)
+        self._cs = (
+            GEOSCoordSeq(capi.get_cs(self.ptr), self.hasz) if self.has_cs else None
+        )
+
+    def __copy__(self):
+        """
+        Return a clone because the copy of a GEOSGeometry may contain an
+        invalid pointer location if the original is garbage collected.
+        """
+        return self.clone()
+
+    def __deepcopy__(self, memodict):
+        """
+        The `deepcopy` routine is used by the `Node` class of django.utils.tree;
+        thus, the protocol routine needs to be implemented to return correct
+        copies (clones) of these GEOS objects, which use C pointers.
+        """
+        return self.clone()
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        "EWKT is used for the string representation."
+        return self.ewkt
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        "Short-hand representation because WKT may be very large."
+        return "<%s object at %s>" % (self.geom_type, hex(addressof(self.ptr)))
+
+    # Pickling support
+    def _to_pickle_wkb(self):
+        return bytes(self.wkb)
+
+    def _from_pickle_wkb(self, wkb):
+        return wkb_r().read(memoryview(wkb))
+
+    def __getstate__(self):
+        # The pickled state is simply a tuple of the WKB (in string form)
+        # and the SRID.
+        return self._to_pickle_wkb(), self.srid
+
+    def __setstate__(self, state):
+        # Instantiating from the tuple state that was pickled.
+        wkb, srid = state
+        ptr = self._from_pickle_wkb(wkb)
+        if not ptr:
+            raise GEOSException("Invalid Geometry loaded from pickled state.")
+        self.ptr = ptr
+        self._post_init()
+        self.srid = srid
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _from_wkb(cls, wkb):
+        return wkb_r().read(wkb)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def from_ewkt(ewkt):
+        ewkt = force_bytes(ewkt)
+        srid = None
+        parts = ewkt.split(b";", 1)
+        if len(parts) == 2:
+            srid_part, wkt = parts
+            match = re.match(rb"SRID=(?P<srid>\-?\d+)", srid_part)
+            if not match:
+                raise ValueError("EWKT has invalid SRID part.")
+            srid = int(match["srid"])
+        else:
+            wkt = ewkt
+        if not wkt:
+            raise ValueError("Expected WKT but got an empty string.")
+        return GEOSGeometry(GEOSGeometry._from_wkt(wkt), srid=srid)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def _from_wkt(wkt):
+        return wkt_r().read(wkt)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_gml(cls, gml_string):
+        return gdal.OGRGeometry.from_gml(gml_string).geos
+
+    # Comparison operators
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        """
+        Equivalence testing, a Geometry may be compared with another Geometry
+        or an EWKT representation.
+        """
+        if isinstance(other, str):
+            try:
+                other = GEOSGeometry.from_ewkt(other)
+            except (ValueError, GEOSException):
+                return False
+        return (
+            isinstance(other, GEOSGeometry)
+            and self.srid == other.srid
+            and self.equals_exact(other)
+        )
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        return hash((self.srid, self.wkt))
+
+    # ### Geometry set-like operations ###
+    # Thanks to Sean Gillies for inspiration:
+    #  http://lists.gispython.org/pipermail/community/2007-July/001034.html
+    # g = g1 | g2
+    def __or__(self, other):
+        "Return the union of this Geometry and the other."
+        return self.union(other)
+
+    # g = g1 & g2
+    def __and__(self, other):
+        "Return the intersection of this Geometry and the other."
+        return self.intersection(other)
+
+    # g = g1 - g2
+    def __sub__(self, other):
+        "Return the difference this Geometry and the other."
+        return self.difference(other)
+
+    # g = g1 ^ g2
+    def __xor__(self, other):
+        "Return the symmetric difference of this Geometry and the other."
+        return self.sym_difference(other)
+
+    # #### Coordinate Sequence Routines ####
+    @property
+    def coord_seq(self):
+        "Return a clone of the coordinate sequence for this Geometry."
+        if self.has_cs:
+            return self._cs.clone()
+
+    # #### Geometry Info ####
+    @property
+    def geom_type(self):
+        "Return a string representing the Geometry type, e.g. 'Polygon'"
+        return capi.geos_type(self.ptr).decode()
+
+    @property
+    def geom_typeid(self):
+        "Return an integer representing the Geometry type."
+        return capi.geos_typeid(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def num_geom(self):
+        "Return the number of geometries in the Geometry."
+        return capi.get_num_geoms(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def num_coords(self):
+        "Return the number of coordinates in the Geometry."
+        return capi.get_num_coords(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def num_points(self):
+        "Return the number points, or coordinates, in the Geometry."
+        return self.num_coords
+
+    @property
+    def dims(self):
+        "Return the dimension of this Geometry (0=point, 1=line, 2=surface)."
+        return capi.get_dims(self.ptr)
+
+    def normalize(self, clone=False):
+        """
+        Convert this Geometry to normal form (or canonical form).
+        If the `clone` keyword is set, then the geometry is not modified and a
+        normalized clone of the geometry is returned instead.
+        """
+        if clone:
+            clone = self.clone()
+            capi.geos_normalize(clone.ptr)
+            return clone
+        capi.geos_normalize(self.ptr)
+
+    def make_valid(self):
+        """
+        Attempt to create a valid representation of a given invalid geometry
+        without losing any of the input vertices.
+        """
+        return GEOSGeometry(capi.geos_makevalid(self.ptr), srid=self.srid)
+
+    # #### Unary predicates ####
+    @property
+    def empty(self):
+        """
+        Return a boolean indicating whether the set of points in this Geometry
+        are empty.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_isempty(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def hasz(self):
+        "Return whether the geometry has a 3D dimension."
+        return capi.geos_hasz(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def ring(self):
+        "Return whether or not the geometry is a ring."
+        return capi.geos_isring(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def simple(self):
+        "Return false if the Geometry isn't simple."
+        return capi.geos_issimple(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def valid(self):
+        "Test the validity of this Geometry."
+        return capi.geos_isvalid(self.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def valid_reason(self):
+        """
+        Return a string containing the reason for any invalidity.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_isvalidreason(self.ptr).decode()
+
+    # #### Binary predicates. ####
+    def contains(self, other):
+        "Return true if other.within(this) returns true."
+        return capi.geos_contains(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def covers(self, other):
+        """
+        Return True if the DE-9IM Intersection Matrix for the two geometries is
+        T*****FF*, *T****FF*, ***T**FF*, or ****T*FF*. If either geometry is
+        empty, return False.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_covers(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def crosses(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is T*T****** (for a point and a curve,a point and an area or a line and
+        an area) 0******** (for two curves).
+        """
+        return capi.geos_crosses(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def disjoint(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is FF*FF****.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_disjoint(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def equals(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is T*F**FFF*.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_equals(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def equals_exact(self, other, tolerance=0):
+        """
+        Return true if the two Geometries are exactly equal, up to a
+        specified tolerance.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_equalsexact(self.ptr, other.ptr, float(tolerance))
+
+    def equals_identical(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the two Geometries are point-wise equivalent.
+        """
+        if geos_version_tuple() < (3, 12):
+            raise GEOSException(
+                "GEOSGeometry.equals_identical() requires GEOS >= 3.12.0."
+            )
+        return capi.geos_equalsidentical(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def intersects(self, other):
+        "Return true if disjoint return false."
+        return capi.geos_intersects(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def overlaps(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is T*T***T** (for two points or two surfaces) 1*T***T** (for two curves).
+        """
+        return capi.geos_overlaps(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def relate_pattern(self, other, pattern):
+        """
+        Return true if the elements in the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the
+        two Geometries match the elements in pattern.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(pattern, str) or len(pattern) > 9:
+            raise GEOSException("invalid intersection matrix pattern")
+        return capi.geos_relatepattern(self.ptr, other.ptr, force_bytes(pattern))
+
+    def touches(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is FT*******, F**T***** or F***T****.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_touches(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def within(self, other):
+        """
+        Return true if the DE-9IM intersection matrix for the two Geometries
+        is T*F**F***.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_within(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    # #### SRID Routines ####
+    @property
+    def srid(self):
+        "Get the SRID for the geometry. Return None if no SRID is set."
+        s = capi.geos_get_srid(self.ptr)
+        if s == 0:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return s
+
+    @srid.setter
+    def srid(self, srid):
+        "Set the SRID for the geometry."
+        capi.geos_set_srid(self.ptr, 0 if srid is None else srid)
+
+    # #### Output Routines ####
+    @property
+    def ewkt(self):
+        """
+        Return the EWKT (SRID + WKT) of the Geometry.
+        """
+        srid = self.srid
+        return "SRID=%s;%s" % (srid, self.wkt) if srid else self.wkt
+
+    @property
+    def wkt(self):
+        "Return the WKT (Well-Known Text) representation of this Geometry."
+        return wkt_w(dim=3 if self.hasz else 2, trim=True).write(self).decode()
+
+    @property
+    def hex(self):
+        """
+        Return the WKB of this Geometry in hexadecimal form. Please note
+        that the SRID is not included in this representation because it is not
+        a part of the OGC specification (use the `hexewkb` property instead).
+        """
+        # A possible faster, all-python, implementation:
+        #  str(self.wkb).encode('hex')
+        return wkb_w(dim=3 if self.hasz else 2).write_hex(self)
+
+    @property
+    def hexewkb(self):
+        """
+        Return the EWKB of this Geometry in hexadecimal form. This is an
+        extension of the WKB specification that includes SRID value that are
+        a part of this geometry.
+        """
+        return ewkb_w(dim=3 if self.hasz else 2).write_hex(self)
+
+    @property
+    def json(self):
+        """
+        Return GeoJSON representation of this Geometry.
+        """
+        return self.ogr.json
+
+    geojson = json
+
+    @property
+    def wkb(self):
+        """
+        Return the WKB (Well-Known Binary) representation of this Geometry
+        as a Python memoryview. SRID and Z values are not included, use the
+        `ewkb` property instead.
+        """
+        return wkb_w(3 if self.hasz else 2).write(self)
+
+    @property
+    def ewkb(self):
+        """
+        Return the EWKB representation of this Geometry as a Python memoryview.
+        This is an extension of the WKB specification that includes any SRID
+        value that are a part of this geometry.
+        """
+        return ewkb_w(3 if self.hasz else 2).write(self)
+
+    @property
+    def kml(self):
+        "Return the KML representation of this Geometry."
+        gtype = self.geom_type
+        return "<%s>%s</%s>" % (gtype, self.coord_seq.kml, gtype)
+
+    @property
+    def prepared(self):
+        """
+        Return a PreparedGeometry corresponding to this geometry -- it is
+        optimized for the contains, intersects, and covers operations.
+        """
+        return PreparedGeometry(self)
+
+    # #### GDAL-specific output routines ####
+    def _ogr_ptr(self):
+        return gdal.OGRGeometry._from_wkb(self.wkb)
+
+    @property
+    def ogr(self):
+        "Return the OGR Geometry for this Geometry."
+        return gdal.OGRGeometry(self._ogr_ptr(), self.srs)
+
+    @property
+    def srs(self):
+        "Return the OSR SpatialReference for SRID of this Geometry."
+        if self.srid:
+            try:
+                return gdal.SpatialReference(self.srid)
+            except (gdal.GDALException, gdal.SRSException):
+                pass
+        return None
+
+    @property
+    def crs(self):
+        "Alias for `srs` property."
+        return self.srs
+
+    def transform(self, ct, clone=False):
+        """
+        Requires GDAL. Transform the geometry according to the given
+        transformation object, which may be an integer SRID, and WKT or
+        PROJ string. By default, transform the geometry in-place and return
+        nothing. However if the `clone` keyword is set, don't modify the
+        geometry and return a transformed clone instead.
+        """
+        srid = self.srid
+
+        if ct == srid:
+            # short-circuit where source & dest SRIDs match
+            if clone:
+                return self.clone()
+            else:
+                return
+
+        if isinstance(ct, gdal.CoordTransform):
+            # We don't care about SRID because CoordTransform presupposes
+            # source SRS.
+            srid = None
+        elif srid is None or srid < 0:
+            raise GEOSException("Calling transform() with no SRID set is not supported")
+
+        # Creating an OGR Geometry, which is then transformed.
+        g = gdal.OGRGeometry(self._ogr_ptr(), srid)
+        g.transform(ct)
+        # Getting a new GEOS pointer
+        ptr = g._geos_ptr()
+        if clone:
+            # User wants a cloned transformed geometry returned.
+            return GEOSGeometry(ptr, srid=g.srid)
+        if ptr:
+            # Reassigning pointer, and performing post-initialization setup
+            # again due to the reassignment.
+            capi.destroy_geom(self.ptr)
+            self.ptr = ptr
+            self._post_init()
+            self.srid = g.srid
+        else:
+            raise GEOSException("Transformed WKB was invalid.")
+
+    # #### Topology Routines ####
+    def _topology(self, gptr):
+        "Return Geometry from the given pointer."
+        return GEOSGeometry(gptr, srid=self.srid)
+
+    @property
+    def boundary(self):
+        "Return the boundary as a newly allocated Geometry object."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_boundary(self.ptr))
+
+    def buffer(self, width, quadsegs=8):
+        """
+        Return a geometry that represents all points whose distance from this
+        Geometry is less than or equal to distance. Calculations are in the
+        Spatial Reference System of this Geometry. The optional third parameter sets
+        the number of segment used to approximate a quarter circle (defaults to 8).
+        (Text from PostGIS documentation at ch. 6.1.3)
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_buffer(self.ptr, width, quadsegs))
+
+    def buffer_with_style(
+        self, width, quadsegs=8, end_cap_style=1, join_style=1, mitre_limit=5.0
+    ):
+        """
+        Same as buffer() but allows customizing the style of the memoryview.
+
+        End cap style can be round (1), flat (2), or square (3).
+        Join style can be round (1), mitre (2), or bevel (3).
+        Mitre ratio limit only affects mitered join style.
+        """
+        return self._topology(
+            capi.geos_bufferwithstyle(
+                self.ptr, width, quadsegs, end_cap_style, join_style, mitre_limit
+            ),
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def centroid(self):
+        """
+        The centroid is equal to the centroid of the set of component Geometries
+        of highest dimension (since the lower-dimension geometries contribute zero
+        "weight" to the centroid).
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_centroid(self.ptr))
+
+    @property
+    def convex_hull(self):
+        """
+        Return the smallest convex Polygon that contains all the points
+        in the Geometry.
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_convexhull(self.ptr))
+
+    def difference(self, other):
+        """
+        Return a Geometry representing the points making up this Geometry
+        that do not make up other.
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_difference(self.ptr, other.ptr))
+
+    @property
+    def envelope(self):
+        "Return the envelope for this geometry (a polygon)."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_envelope(self.ptr))
+
+    def intersection(self, other):
+        "Return a Geometry representing the points shared by this Geometry and other."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_intersection(self.ptr, other.ptr))
+
+    @property
+    def point_on_surface(self):
+        "Compute an interior point of this Geometry."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_pointonsurface(self.ptr))
+
+    def relate(self, other):
+        "Return the DE-9IM intersection matrix for this Geometry and the other."
+        return capi.geos_relate(self.ptr, other.ptr).decode()
+
+    def simplify(self, tolerance=0.0, preserve_topology=False):
+        """
+        Return the Geometry, simplified using the Douglas-Peucker algorithm
+        to the specified tolerance (higher tolerance => less points).  If no
+        tolerance provided, defaults to 0.
+
+        By default, don't preserve topology - e.g. polygons can be split,
+        collapse to lines or disappear holes can be created or disappear, and
+        lines can cross. By specifying preserve_topology=True, the result will
+        have the same dimension and number of components as the input. This is
+        significantly slower.
+        """
+        if preserve_topology:
+            return self._topology(capi.geos_preservesimplify(self.ptr, tolerance))
+        else:
+            return self._topology(capi.geos_simplify(self.ptr, tolerance))
+
+    def sym_difference(self, other):
+        """
+        Return a set combining the points in this Geometry not in other,
+        and the points in other not in this Geometry.
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_symdifference(self.ptr, other.ptr))
+
+    @property
+    def unary_union(self):
+        "Return the union of all the elements of this geometry."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_unary_union(self.ptr))
+
+    def union(self, other):
+        "Return a Geometry representing all the points in this Geometry and other."
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_union(self.ptr, other.ptr))
+
+    # #### Other Routines ####
+    @property
+    def area(self):
+        "Return the area of the Geometry."
+        return capi.geos_area(self.ptr, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def distance(self, other):
+        """
+        Return the distance between the closest points on this Geometry
+        and the other. Units will be in those of the coordinate system of
+        the Geometry.
+        """
+        if not isinstance(other, GEOSGeometry):
+            raise TypeError("distance() works only on other GEOS Geometries.")
+        return capi.geos_distance(self.ptr, other.ptr, byref(c_double()))
+
+    @property
+    def extent(self):
+        """
+        Return the extent of this geometry as a 4-tuple, consisting of
+        (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax).
+        """
+        from .point import Point
+
+        env = self.envelope
+        if isinstance(env, Point):
+            xmin, ymin = env.tuple
+            xmax, ymax = xmin, ymin
+        else:
+            xmin, ymin = env[0][0]
+            xmax, ymax = env[0][2]
+        return (xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax)
+
+    @property
+    def length(self):
+        """
+        Return the length of this Geometry (e.g., 0 for point, or the
+        circumference of a Polygon).
+        """
+        return capi.geos_length(self.ptr, byref(c_double()))
+
+    def clone(self):
+        "Clone this Geometry."
+        return GEOSGeometry(capi.geom_clone(self.ptr))
+
+
+class LinearGeometryMixin:
+    """
+    Used for LineString and MultiLineString.
+    """
+
+    def interpolate(self, distance):
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_interpolate(self.ptr, distance))
+
+    def interpolate_normalized(self, distance):
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_interpolate_normalized(self.ptr, distance))
+
+    def project(self, point):
+        from .point import Point
+
+        if not isinstance(point, Point):
+            raise TypeError("locate_point argument must be a Point")
+        return capi.geos_project(self.ptr, point.ptr)
+
+    def project_normalized(self, point):
+        from .point import Point
+
+        if not isinstance(point, Point):
+            raise TypeError("locate_point argument must be a Point")
+        return capi.geos_project_normalized(self.ptr, point.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def merged(self):
+        """
+        Return the line merge of this Geometry.
+        """
+        return self._topology(capi.geos_linemerge(self.ptr))
+
+    @property
+    def closed(self):
+        """
+        Return whether or not this Geometry is closed.
+        """
+        return capi.geos_isclosed(self.ptr)
+
+
+@deconstructible
+class GEOSGeometry(GEOSGeometryBase, ListMixin):
+    "A class that, generally, encapsulates a GEOS geometry."
+
+    def __init__(self, geo_input, srid=None):
+        """
+        The base constructor for GEOS geometry objects. It may take the
+        following inputs:
+
+         * strings:
+            - WKT
+            - HEXEWKB (a PostGIS-specific canonical form)
+            - GeoJSON (requires GDAL)
+         * memoryview:
+            - WKB
+
+        The `srid` keyword specifies the Source Reference Identifier (SRID)
+        number for this Geometry. If not provided, it defaults to None.
+        """
+        input_srid = None
+        if isinstance(geo_input, bytes):
+            geo_input = force_str(geo_input)
+        if isinstance(geo_input, str):
+            wkt_m = wkt_regex.match(geo_input)
+            if wkt_m:
+                # Handle WKT input.
+                if wkt_m["srid"]:
+                    input_srid = int(wkt_m["srid"])
+                g = self._from_wkt(force_bytes(wkt_m["wkt"]))
+            elif hex_regex.match(geo_input):
+                # Handle HEXEWKB input.
+                g = wkb_r().read(force_bytes(geo_input))
+            elif json_regex.match(geo_input):
+                # Handle GeoJSON input.
+                ogr = gdal.OGRGeometry.from_json(geo_input)
+                g = ogr._geos_ptr()
+                input_srid = ogr.srid
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("String input unrecognized as WKT EWKT, and HEXEWKB.")
+        elif isinstance(geo_input, GEOM_PTR):
+            # When the input is a pointer to a geometry (GEOM_PTR).
+            g = geo_input
+        elif isinstance(geo_input, memoryview):
+            # When the input is a memoryview (WKB).
+            g = wkb_r().read(geo_input)
+        elif isinstance(geo_input, GEOSGeometry):
+            g = capi.geom_clone(geo_input.ptr)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Improper geometry input type: %s" % type(geo_input))
+
+        if not g:
+            raise GEOSException("Could not initialize GEOS Geometry with given input.")
+
+        input_srid = input_srid or capi.geos_get_srid(g) or None
+        if input_srid and srid and input_srid != srid:
+            raise ValueError("Input geometry already has SRID: %d." % input_srid)
+
+        super().__init__(g, None)
+        # Set the SRID, if given.
+        srid = input_srid or srid
+        if srid and isinstance(srid, int):
+            self.srid = srid

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/io.py

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+"""
+Module that holds classes for performing I/O operations on GEOS geometry
+objects.  Specifically, this has Python implementations of WKB/WKT
+reader and writer classes.
+"""
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.io import (
+    WKBWriter,
+    WKTWriter,
+    _WKBReader,
+    _WKTReader,
+)
+
+__all__ = ["WKBWriter", "WKTWriter", "WKBReader", "WKTReader"]
+
+
+# Public classes for (WKB|WKT)Reader, which return GEOSGeometry
+class WKBReader(_WKBReader):
+    def read(self, wkb):
+        "Return a GEOSGeometry for the given WKB buffer."
+        return GEOSGeometry(super().read(wkb))
+
+
+class WKTReader(_WKTReader):
+    def read(self, wkt):
+        "Return a GEOSGeometry for the given WKT string."
+        return GEOSGeometry(super().read(wkt))

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/libgeos.py

@@ -0,0 +1,175 @@
+"""
+This module houses the ctypes initialization procedures, as well
+as the notice and error handler function callbacks (get called
+when an error occurs in GEOS).
+
+This module also houses GEOS Pointer utilities, including
+get_pointer_arr(), and GEOM_PTR.
+"""
+
+import logging
+import os
+from ctypes import CDLL, CFUNCTYPE, POINTER, Structure, c_char_p
+from ctypes.util import find_library
+
+from django.core.exceptions import ImproperlyConfigured
+from django.utils.functional import SimpleLazyObject, cached_property
+from django.utils.version import get_version_tuple
+
+logger = logging.getLogger("django.contrib.gis")
+
+
+def load_geos():
+    # Custom library path set?
+    try:
+        from django.conf import settings
+
+        lib_path = settings.GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH
+    except (AttributeError, ImportError, ImproperlyConfigured, OSError):
+        lib_path = None
+
+    # Setting the appropriate names for the GEOS-C library.
+    if lib_path:
+        lib_names = None
+    elif os.name == "nt":
+        # Windows NT libraries
+        lib_names = ["geos_c", "libgeos_c-1"]
+    elif os.name == "posix":
+        # *NIX libraries
+        lib_names = ["geos_c", "GEOS"]
+    else:
+        raise ImportError('Unsupported OS "%s"' % os.name)
+
+    # Using the ctypes `find_library` utility to find the path to the GEOS
+    # shared library.  This is better than manually specifying each library name
+    # and extension (e.g., libgeos_c.[so|so.1|dylib].).
+    if lib_names:
+        for lib_name in lib_names:
+            lib_path = find_library(lib_name)
+            if lib_path is not None:
+                break
+
+    # No GEOS library could be found.
+    if lib_path is None:
+        raise ImportError(
+            'Could not find the GEOS library (tried "%s"). '
+            "Try setting GEOS_LIBRARY_PATH in your settings." % '", "'.join(lib_names)
+        )
+    # Getting the GEOS C library.  The C interface (CDLL) is used for
+    # both *NIX and Windows.
+    # See the GEOS C API source code for more details on the library function calls:
+    # https://libgeos.org/doxygen/geos__c_8h_source.html
+    _lgeos = CDLL(lib_path)
+    # Here we set up the prototypes for the initGEOS_r and finishGEOS_r
+    # routines.  These functions aren't actually called until they are
+    # attached to a GEOS context handle -- this actually occurs in
+    # geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py.
+    _lgeos.initGEOS_r.restype = CONTEXT_PTR
+    _lgeos.finishGEOS_r.argtypes = [CONTEXT_PTR]
+    # Set restype for compatibility across 32 and 64-bit platforms.
+    _lgeos.GEOSversion.restype = c_char_p
+    return _lgeos
+
+
+# The notice and error handler C function callback definitions.
+# Supposed to mimic the GEOS message handler (C below):
+#  typedef void (*GEOSMessageHandler)(const char *fmt, ...);
+NOTICEFUNC = CFUNCTYPE(None, c_char_p, c_char_p)
+
+
+def notice_h(fmt, lst):
+    fmt, lst = fmt.decode(), lst.decode()
+    try:
+        warn_msg = fmt % lst
+    except TypeError:
+        warn_msg = fmt
+    logger.warning("GEOS_NOTICE: %s\n", warn_msg)
+
+
+notice_h = NOTICEFUNC(notice_h)
+
+ERRORFUNC = CFUNCTYPE(None, c_char_p, c_char_p)
+
+
+def error_h(fmt, lst):
+    fmt, lst = fmt.decode(), lst.decode()
+    try:
+        err_msg = fmt % lst
+    except TypeError:
+        err_msg = fmt
+    logger.error("GEOS_ERROR: %s\n", err_msg)
+
+
+error_h = ERRORFUNC(error_h)
+
+# #### GEOS Geometry C data structures, and utility functions. ####
+
+
+# Opaque GEOS geometry structures, used for GEOM_PTR and CS_PTR
+class GEOSGeom_t(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class GEOSPrepGeom_t(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class GEOSCoordSeq_t(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class GEOSContextHandle_t(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+# Pointers to opaque GEOS geometry structures.
+GEOM_PTR = POINTER(GEOSGeom_t)
+PREPGEOM_PTR = POINTER(GEOSPrepGeom_t)
+CS_PTR = POINTER(GEOSCoordSeq_t)
+CONTEXT_PTR = POINTER(GEOSContextHandle_t)
+
+
+lgeos = SimpleLazyObject(load_geos)
+
+
+class GEOSFuncFactory:
+    """
+    Lazy loading of GEOS functions.
+    """
+
+    argtypes = None
+    restype = None
+    errcheck = None
+
+    def __init__(self, func_name, *, restype=None, errcheck=None, argtypes=None):
+        self.func_name = func_name
+        if restype is not None:
+            self.restype = restype
+        if errcheck is not None:
+            self.errcheck = errcheck
+        if argtypes is not None:
+            self.argtypes = argtypes
+
+    def __call__(self, *args):
+        return self.func(*args)
+
+    @cached_property
+    def func(self):
+        from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.threadsafe import GEOSFunc
+
+        func = GEOSFunc(self.func_name)
+        func.argtypes = self.argtypes or []
+        func.restype = self.restype
+        if self.errcheck:
+            func.errcheck = self.errcheck
+        return func
+
+
+def geos_version():
+    """Return the string version of the GEOS library."""
+    return lgeos.GEOSversion()
+
+
+def geos_version_tuple():
+    """Return the GEOS version as a tuple (major, minor, subminor)."""
+    return get_version_tuple(geos_version().decode())

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/linestring.py

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.coordseq import GEOSCoordSeq
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry, LinearGeometryMixin
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.point import Point
+from django.contrib.gis.shortcuts import numpy
+
+
+class LineString(LinearGeometryMixin, GEOSGeometry):
+    _init_func = capi.create_linestring
+    _minlength = 2
+    has_cs = True
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialize on the given sequence -- may take lists, tuples, NumPy arrays
+        of X,Y pairs, or Point objects.  If Point objects are used, ownership is
+        _not_ transferred to the LineString object.
+
+        Examples:
+         ls = LineString((1, 1), (2, 2))
+         ls = LineString([(1, 1), (2, 2)])
+         ls = LineString(array([(1, 1), (2, 2)]))
+         ls = LineString(Point(1, 1), Point(2, 2))
+        """
+        # If only one argument provided, set the coords array appropriately
+        if len(args) == 1:
+            coords = args[0]
+        else:
+            coords = args
+
+        if not (
+            isinstance(coords, (tuple, list))
+            or numpy
+            and isinstance(coords, numpy.ndarray)
+        ):
+            raise TypeError("Invalid initialization input for LineStrings.")
+
+        # If SRID was passed in with the keyword arguments
+        srid = kwargs.get("srid")
+
+        ncoords = len(coords)
+        if not ncoords:
+            super().__init__(self._init_func(None), srid=srid)
+            return
+
+        if ncoords < self._minlength:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "%s requires at least %d points, got %s."
+                % (
+                    self.__class__.__name__,
+                    self._minlength,
+                    ncoords,
+                )
+            )
+
+        numpy_coords = not isinstance(coords, (tuple, list))
+        if numpy_coords:
+            shape = coords.shape  # Using numpy's shape.
+            if len(shape) != 2:
+                raise TypeError("Too many dimensions.")
+            self._checkdim(shape[1])
+            ndim = shape[1]
+        else:
+            # Getting the number of coords and the number of dimensions -- which
+            #  must stay the same, e.g., no LineString((1, 2), (1, 2, 3)).
+            ndim = None
+            # Incrementing through each of the coordinates and verifying
+            for coord in coords:
+                if not isinstance(coord, (tuple, list, Point)):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "Each coordinate should be a sequence (list or tuple)"
+                    )
+
+                if ndim is None:
+                    ndim = len(coord)
+                    self._checkdim(ndim)
+                elif len(coord) != ndim:
+                    raise TypeError("Dimension mismatch.")
+
+        # Creating a coordinate sequence object because it is easier to
+        # set the points using its methods.
+        cs = GEOSCoordSeq(capi.create_cs(ncoords, ndim), z=bool(ndim == 3))
+        point_setter = cs._set_point_3d if ndim == 3 else cs._set_point_2d
+
+        for i in range(ncoords):
+            if numpy_coords:
+                point_coords = coords[i, :]
+            elif isinstance(coords[i], Point):
+                point_coords = coords[i].tuple
+            else:
+                point_coords = coords[i]
+            point_setter(i, point_coords)
+
+        # Calling the base geometry initialization with the returned pointer
+        #  from the function.
+        super().__init__(self._init_func(cs.ptr), srid=srid)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        "Allow iteration over this LineString."
+        for i in range(len(self)):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        "Return the number of points in this LineString."
+        return len(self._cs)
+
+    def _get_single_external(self, index):
+        return self._cs[index]
+
+    _get_single_internal = _get_single_external
+
+    def _set_list(self, length, items):
+        ndim = self._cs.dims
+        hasz = self._cs.hasz  # I don't understand why these are different
+        srid = self.srid
+
+        # create a new coordinate sequence and populate accordingly
+        cs = GEOSCoordSeq(capi.create_cs(length, ndim), z=hasz)
+        for i, c in enumerate(items):
+            cs[i] = c
+
+        ptr = self._init_func(cs.ptr)
+        if ptr:
+            capi.destroy_geom(self.ptr)
+            self.ptr = ptr
+            if srid is not None:
+                self.srid = srid
+            self._post_init()
+        else:
+            # can this happen?
+            raise GEOSException("Geometry resulting from slice deletion was invalid.")
+
+    def _set_single(self, index, value):
+        self._cs[index] = value
+
+    def _checkdim(self, dim):
+        if dim not in (2, 3):
+            raise TypeError("Dimension mismatch.")
+
+    # #### Sequence Properties ####
+    @property
+    def tuple(self):
+        "Return a tuple version of the geometry from the coordinate sequence."
+        return self._cs.tuple
+
+    coords = tuple
+
+    def _listarr(self, func):
+        """
+        Return a sequence (list) corresponding with the given function.
+        Return a numpy array if possible.
+        """
+        lst = [func(i) for i in range(len(self))]
+        if numpy:
+            return numpy.array(lst)  # ARRRR!
+        else:
+            return lst
+
+    @property
+    def array(self):
+        "Return a numpy array for the LineString."
+        return self._listarr(self._cs.__getitem__)
+
+    @property
+    def x(self):
+        "Return a list or numpy array of the X variable."
+        return self._listarr(self._cs.getX)
+
+    @property
+    def y(self):
+        "Return a list or numpy array of the Y variable."
+        return self._listarr(self._cs.getY)
+
+    @property
+    def z(self):
+        "Return a list or numpy array of the Z variable."
+        if not self.hasz:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return self._listarr(self._cs.getZ)
+
+
+# LinearRings are LineStrings used within Polygons.
+class LinearRing(LineString):
+    _minlength = 4
+    _init_func = capi.create_linearring
+
+    @property
+    def is_counterclockwise(self):
+        if self.empty:
+            raise ValueError("Orientation of an empty LinearRing cannot be determined.")
+        return self._cs.is_counterclockwise

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/mutable_list.py

@@ -0,0 +1,314 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2008-2009 Aryeh Leib Taurog, all rights reserved.
+# Released under the New BSD license.
+"""
+This module contains a base type which provides list-style mutations
+without specific data storage methods.
+
+See also http://static.aryehleib.com/oldsite/MutableLists.html
+
+Author: Aryeh Leib Taurog.
+"""
+from functools import total_ordering
+
+
+@total_ordering
+class ListMixin:
+    """
+    A base class which provides complete list interface.
+    Derived classes must call ListMixin's __init__() function
+    and implement the following:
+
+    function _get_single_external(self, i):
+        Return single item with index i for general use.
+        The index i will always satisfy 0 <= i < len(self).
+
+    function _get_single_internal(self, i):
+        Same as above, but for use within the class [Optional]
+        Note that if _get_single_internal and _get_single_internal return
+        different types of objects, _set_list must distinguish
+        between the two and handle each appropriately.
+
+    function _set_list(self, length, items):
+        Recreate the entire object.
+
+        NOTE: items may be a generator which calls _get_single_internal.
+        Therefore, it is necessary to cache the values in a temporary:
+            temp = list(items)
+        before clobbering the original storage.
+
+    function _set_single(self, i, value):
+        Set the single item at index i to value [Optional]
+        If left undefined, all mutations will result in rebuilding
+        the object using _set_list.
+
+    function __len__(self):
+        Return the length
+
+    int _minlength:
+        The minimum legal length [Optional]
+
+    int _maxlength:
+        The maximum legal length [Optional]
+
+    type or tuple _allowed:
+        A type or tuple of allowed item types [Optional]
+    """
+
+    _minlength = 0
+    _maxlength = None
+
+    # ### Python initialization and special list interface methods ###
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if not hasattr(self, "_get_single_internal"):
+            self._get_single_internal = self._get_single_external
+
+        if not hasattr(self, "_set_single"):
+            self._set_single = self._set_single_rebuild
+            self._assign_extended_slice = self._assign_extended_slice_rebuild
+
+        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, index):
+        "Get the item(s) at the specified index/slice."
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            return [
+                self._get_single_external(i) for i in range(*index.indices(len(self)))
+            ]
+        else:
+            index = self._checkindex(index)
+            return self._get_single_external(index)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, index):
+        "Delete the item(s) at the specified index/slice."
+        if not isinstance(index, (int, slice)):
+            raise TypeError("%s is not a legal index" % index)
+
+        # calculate new length and dimensions
+        origLen = len(self)
+        if isinstance(index, int):
+            index = self._checkindex(index)
+            indexRange = [index]
+        else:
+            indexRange = range(*index.indices(origLen))
+
+        newLen = origLen - len(indexRange)
+        newItems = (
+            self._get_single_internal(i) for i in range(origLen) if i not in indexRange
+        )
+
+        self._rebuild(newLen, newItems)
+
+    def __setitem__(self, index, val):
+        "Set the item(s) at the specified index/slice."
+        if isinstance(index, slice):
+            self._set_slice(index, val)
+        else:
+            index = self._checkindex(index)
+            self._check_allowed((val,))
+            self._set_single(index, val)
+
+    # ### Special methods for arithmetic operations ###
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        "add another list-like object"
+        return self.__class__([*self, *other])
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        "add to another list-like object"
+        return other.__class__([*other, *self])
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        "add another list-like object to self"
+        self.extend(other)
+        return self
+
+    def __mul__(self, n):
+        "multiply"
+        return self.__class__(list(self) * n)
+
+    def __rmul__(self, n):
+        "multiply"
+        return self.__class__(list(self) * n)
+
+    def __imul__(self, n):
+        "multiply"
+        if n <= 0:
+            del self[:]
+        else:
+            cache = list(self)
+            for i in range(n - 1):
+                self.extend(cache)
+        return self
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        olen = len(other)
+        for i in range(olen):
+            try:
+                c = self[i] == other[i]
+            except IndexError:
+                # self must be shorter
+                return False
+            if not c:
+                return False
+        return len(self) == olen
+
+    def __lt__(self, other):
+        olen = len(other)
+        for i in range(olen):
+            try:
+                c = self[i] < other[i]
+            except IndexError:
+                # self must be shorter
+                return True
+            if c:
+                return c
+            elif other[i] < self[i]:
+                return False
+        return len(self) < olen
+
+    # ### Public list interface Methods ###
+    # ## Non-mutating ##
+    def count(self, val):
+        "Standard list count method"
+        count = 0
+        for i in self:
+            if val == i:
+                count += 1
+        return count
+
+    def index(self, val):
+        "Standard list index method"
+        for i in range(0, len(self)):
+            if self[i] == val:
+                return i
+        raise ValueError("%s not found in object" % val)
+
+    # ## Mutating ##
+    def append(self, val):
+        "Standard list append method"
+        self[len(self) :] = [val]
+
+    def extend(self, vals):
+        "Standard list extend method"
+        self[len(self) :] = vals
+
+    def insert(self, index, val):
+        "Standard list insert method"
+        if not isinstance(index, int):
+            raise TypeError("%s is not a legal index" % index)
+        self[index:index] = [val]
+
+    def pop(self, index=-1):
+        "Standard list pop method"
+        result = self[index]
+        del self[index]
+        return result
+
+    def remove(self, val):
+        "Standard list remove method"
+        del self[self.index(val)]
+
+    def reverse(self):
+        "Standard list reverse method"
+        self[:] = self[-1::-1]
+
+    def sort(self, key=None, reverse=False):
+        "Standard list sort method"
+        self[:] = sorted(self, key=key, reverse=reverse)
+
+    # ### Private routines ###
+    def _rebuild(self, newLen, newItems):
+        if newLen and newLen < self._minlength:
+            raise ValueError("Must have at least %d items" % self._minlength)
+        if self._maxlength is not None and newLen > self._maxlength:
+            raise ValueError("Cannot have more than %d items" % self._maxlength)
+
+        self._set_list(newLen, newItems)
+
+    def _set_single_rebuild(self, index, value):
+        self._set_slice(slice(index, index + 1, 1), [value])
+
+    def _checkindex(self, index):
+        length = len(self)
+        if 0 <= index < length:
+            return index
+        if -length <= index < 0:
+            return index + length
+        raise IndexError("invalid index: %s" % index)
+
+    def _check_allowed(self, items):
+        if hasattr(self, "_allowed"):
+            if False in [isinstance(val, self._allowed) for val in items]:
+                raise TypeError("Invalid type encountered in the arguments.")
+
+    def _set_slice(self, index, values):
+        "Assign values to a slice of the object"
+        try:
+            valueList = list(values)
+        except TypeError:
+            raise TypeError("can only assign an iterable to a slice")
+
+        self._check_allowed(valueList)
+
+        origLen = len(self)
+        start, stop, step = index.indices(origLen)
+
+        # CAREFUL: index.step and step are not the same!
+        # step will never be None
+        if index.step is None:
+            self._assign_simple_slice(start, stop, valueList)
+        else:
+            self._assign_extended_slice(start, stop, step, valueList)
+
+    def _assign_extended_slice_rebuild(self, start, stop, step, valueList):
+        "Assign an extended slice by rebuilding entire list"
+        indexList = range(start, stop, step)
+        # extended slice, only allow assigning slice of same size
+        if len(valueList) != len(indexList):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "attempt to assign sequence of size %d "
+                "to extended slice of size %d" % (len(valueList), len(indexList))
+            )
+
+        # we're not changing the length of the sequence
+        newLen = len(self)
+        newVals = dict(zip(indexList, valueList))
+
+        def newItems():
+            for i in range(newLen):
+                if i in newVals:
+                    yield newVals[i]
+                else:
+                    yield self._get_single_internal(i)
+
+        self._rebuild(newLen, newItems())
+
+    def _assign_extended_slice(self, start, stop, step, valueList):
+        "Assign an extended slice by re-assigning individual items"
+        indexList = range(start, stop, step)
+        # extended slice, only allow assigning slice of same size
+        if len(valueList) != len(indexList):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "attempt to assign sequence of size %d "
+                "to extended slice of size %d" % (len(valueList), len(indexList))
+            )
+
+        for i, val in zip(indexList, valueList):
+            self._set_single(i, val)
+
+    def _assign_simple_slice(self, start, stop, valueList):
+        "Assign a simple slice; Can assign slice of any length"
+        origLen = len(self)
+        stop = max(start, stop)
+        newLen = origLen - stop + start + len(valueList)
+
+        def newItems():
+            for i in range(origLen + 1):
+                if i == start:
+                    yield from valueList
+
+                if i < origLen:
+                    if i < start or i >= stop:
+                        yield self._get_single_internal(i)
+
+        self._rebuild(newLen, newItems())

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/point.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+from ctypes import c_uint
+
+from django.contrib.gis import gdal
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry
+
+
+class Point(GEOSGeometry):
+    _minlength = 2
+    _maxlength = 3
+    has_cs = True
+
+    def __init__(self, x=None, y=None, z=None, srid=None):
+        """
+        The Point object may be initialized with either a tuple, or individual
+        parameters.
+
+        For example:
+        >>> p = Point((5, 23))  # 2D point, passed in as a tuple
+        >>> p = Point(5, 23, 8)  # 3D point, passed in with individual parameters
+        """
+        if x is None:
+            coords = []
+        elif isinstance(x, (tuple, list)):
+            # Here a tuple or list was passed in under the `x` parameter.
+            coords = x
+        elif isinstance(x, (float, int)) and isinstance(y, (float, int)):
+            # Here X, Y, and (optionally) Z were passed in individually, as parameters.
+            if isinstance(z, (float, int)):
+                coords = [x, y, z]
+            else:
+                coords = [x, y]
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("Invalid parameters given for Point initialization.")
+
+        point = self._create_point(len(coords), coords)
+
+        # Initializing using the address returned from the GEOS
+        #  createPoint factory.
+        super().__init__(point, srid=srid)
+
+    def _to_pickle_wkb(self):
+        return None if self.empty else super()._to_pickle_wkb()
+
+    def _from_pickle_wkb(self, wkb):
+        return self._create_empty() if wkb is None else super()._from_pickle_wkb(wkb)
+
+    def _ogr_ptr(self):
+        return (
+            gdal.geometries.Point._create_empty() if self.empty else super()._ogr_ptr()
+        )
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_empty(cls):
+        return cls._create_point(None, None)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def _create_point(cls, ndim, coords):
+        """
+        Create a coordinate sequence, set X, Y, [Z], and create point
+        """
+        if not ndim:
+            return capi.create_point(None)
+
+        if ndim < 2 or ndim > 3:
+            raise TypeError("Invalid point dimension: %s" % ndim)
+
+        cs = capi.create_cs(c_uint(1), c_uint(ndim))
+        i = iter(coords)
+        capi.cs_setx(cs, 0, next(i))
+        capi.cs_sety(cs, 0, next(i))
+        if ndim == 3:
+            capi.cs_setz(cs, 0, next(i))
+
+        return capi.create_point(cs)
+
+    def _set_list(self, length, items):
+        ptr = self._create_point(length, items)
+        if ptr:
+            srid = self.srid
+            capi.destroy_geom(self.ptr)
+            self._ptr = ptr
+            if srid is not None:
+                self.srid = srid
+            self._post_init()
+        else:
+            # can this happen?
+            raise GEOSException("Geometry resulting from slice deletion was invalid.")
+
+    def _set_single(self, index, value):
+        self._cs.setOrdinate(index, 0, value)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        "Iterate over coordinates of this Point."
+        for i in range(len(self)):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        "Return the number of dimensions for this Point (either 0, 2 or 3)."
+        if self.empty:
+            return 0
+        if self.hasz:
+            return 3
+        else:
+            return 2
+
+    def _get_single_external(self, index):
+        if index == 0:
+            return self.x
+        elif index == 1:
+            return self.y
+        elif index == 2:
+            return self.z
+
+    _get_single_internal = _get_single_external
+
+    @property
+    def x(self):
+        "Return the X component of the Point."
+        return self._cs.getOrdinate(0, 0)
+
+    @x.setter
+    def x(self, value):
+        "Set the X component of the Point."
+        self._cs.setOrdinate(0, 0, value)
+
+    @property
+    def y(self):
+        "Return the Y component of the Point."
+        return self._cs.getOrdinate(1, 0)
+
+    @y.setter
+    def y(self, value):
+        "Set the Y component of the Point."
+        self._cs.setOrdinate(1, 0, value)
+
+    @property
+    def z(self):
+        "Return the Z component of the Point."
+        return self._cs.getOrdinate(2, 0) if self.hasz else None
+
+    @z.setter
+    def z(self, value):
+        "Set the Z component of the Point."
+        if not self.hasz:
+            raise GEOSException("Cannot set Z on 2D Point.")
+        self._cs.setOrdinate(2, 0, value)
+
+    # ### Tuple setting and retrieval routines. ###
+    @property
+    def tuple(self):
+        "Return a tuple of the point."
+        return self._cs.tuple
+
+    @tuple.setter
+    def tuple(self, tup):
+        "Set the coordinates of the point with the given tuple."
+        self._cs[0] = tup
+
+    # The tuple and coords properties
+    coords = tuple

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/polygon.py

@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+from django.contrib.gis.geos import prototypes as capi
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.geometry import GEOSGeometry
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.linestring import LinearRing
+
+
+class Polygon(GEOSGeometry):
+    _minlength = 1
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Initialize on an exterior ring and a sequence of holes (both
+        instances may be either LinearRing instances, or a tuple/list
+        that may be constructed into a LinearRing).
+
+        Examples of initialization, where shell, hole1, and hole2 are
+        valid LinearRing geometries:
+        >>> from django.contrib.gis.geos import LinearRing, Polygon
+        >>> shell = hole1 = hole2 = LinearRing()
+        >>> poly = Polygon(shell, hole1, hole2)
+        >>> poly = Polygon(shell, (hole1, hole2))
+
+        >>> # Example where a tuple parameters are used:
+        >>> poly = Polygon(((0, 0), (0, 10), (10, 10), (10, 0), (0, 0)),
+        ...                ((4, 4), (4, 6), (6, 6), (6, 4), (4, 4)))
+        """
+        if not args:
+            super().__init__(self._create_polygon(0, None), **kwargs)
+            return
+
+        # Getting the ext_ring and init_holes parameters from the argument list
+        ext_ring, *init_holes = args
+        n_holes = len(init_holes)
+
+        # If initialized as Polygon(shell, (LinearRing, LinearRing))
+        # [for backward-compatibility]
+        if n_holes == 1 and isinstance(init_holes[0], (tuple, list)):
+            if not init_holes[0]:
+                init_holes = ()
+                n_holes = 0
+            elif isinstance(init_holes[0][0], LinearRing):
+                init_holes = init_holes[0]
+                n_holes = len(init_holes)
+
+        polygon = self._create_polygon(n_holes + 1, [ext_ring, *init_holes])
+        super().__init__(polygon, **kwargs)
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        "Iterate over each ring in the polygon."
+        for i in range(len(self)):
+            yield self[i]
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        "Return the number of rings in this Polygon."
+        return self.num_interior_rings + 1
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_bbox(cls, bbox):
+        "Construct a Polygon from a bounding box (4-tuple)."
+        x0, y0, x1, y1 = bbox
+        for z in bbox:
+            if not isinstance(z, (float, int)):
+                return GEOSGeometry(
+                    "POLYGON((%s %s, %s %s, %s %s, %s %s, %s %s))"
+                    % (x0, y0, x0, y1, x1, y1, x1, y0, x0, y0)
+                )
+        return Polygon(((x0, y0), (x0, y1), (x1, y1), (x1, y0), (x0, y0)))
+
+    # ### These routines are needed for list-like operation w/ListMixin ###
+    def _create_polygon(self, length, items):
+        # Instantiate LinearRing objects if necessary, but don't clone them yet
+        # _construct_ring will throw a TypeError if a parameter isn't a valid ring
+        # If we cloned the pointers here, we wouldn't be able to clean up
+        # in case of error.
+        if not length:
+            return capi.create_empty_polygon()
+
+        rings = []
+        for r in items:
+            if isinstance(r, GEOM_PTR):
+                rings.append(r)
+            else:
+                rings.append(self._construct_ring(r))
+
+        shell = self._clone(rings.pop(0))
+
+        n_holes = length - 1
+        if n_holes:
+            holes_param = (GEOM_PTR * n_holes)(*[self._clone(r) for r in rings])
+        else:
+            holes_param = None
+
+        return capi.create_polygon(shell, holes_param, n_holes)
+
+    def _clone(self, g):
+        if isinstance(g, GEOM_PTR):
+            return capi.geom_clone(g)
+        else:
+            return capi.geom_clone(g.ptr)
+
+    def _construct_ring(
+        self,
+        param,
+        msg=(
+            "Parameter must be a sequence of LinearRings or objects that can "
+            "initialize to LinearRings"
+        ),
+    ):
+        "Try to construct a ring from the given parameter."
+        if isinstance(param, LinearRing):
+            return param
+        try:
+            return LinearRing(param)
+        except TypeError:
+            raise TypeError(msg)
+
+    def _set_list(self, length, items):
+        # Getting the current pointer, replacing with the newly constructed
+        # geometry, and destroying the old geometry.
+        prev_ptr = self.ptr
+        srid = self.srid
+        self.ptr = self._create_polygon(length, items)
+        if srid:
+            self.srid = srid
+        capi.destroy_geom(prev_ptr)
+
+    def _get_single_internal(self, index):
+        """
+        Return the ring at the specified index. The first index, 0, will
+        always return the exterior ring.  Indices > 0 will return the
+        interior ring at the given index (e.g., poly[1] and poly[2] would
+        return the first and second interior ring, respectively).
+
+        CAREFUL: Internal/External are not the same as Interior/Exterior!
+        Return a pointer from the existing geometries for use internally by the
+        object's methods. _get_single_external() returns a clone of the same
+        geometry for use by external code.
+        """
+        if index == 0:
+            return capi.get_extring(self.ptr)
+        else:
+            # Getting the interior ring, have to subtract 1 from the index.
+            return capi.get_intring(self.ptr, index - 1)
+
+    def _get_single_external(self, index):
+        return GEOSGeometry(
+            capi.geom_clone(self._get_single_internal(index)), srid=self.srid
+        )
+
+    _set_single = GEOSGeometry._set_single_rebuild
+    _assign_extended_slice = GEOSGeometry._assign_extended_slice_rebuild
+
+    # #### Polygon Properties ####
+    @property
+    def num_interior_rings(self):
+        "Return the number of interior rings."
+        # Getting the number of rings
+        return capi.get_nrings(self.ptr)
+
+    def _get_ext_ring(self):
+        "Get the exterior ring of the Polygon."
+        return self[0]
+
+    def _set_ext_ring(self, ring):
+        "Set the exterior ring of the Polygon."
+        self[0] = ring
+
+    # Properties for the exterior ring/shell.
+    exterior_ring = property(_get_ext_ring, _set_ext_ring)
+    shell = exterior_ring
+
+    @property
+    def tuple(self):
+        "Get the tuple for each ring in this Polygon."
+        return tuple(self[i].tuple for i in range(len(self)))
+
+    coords = tuple
+
+    @property
+    def kml(self):
+        "Return the KML representation of this Polygon."
+        inner_kml = "".join(
+            "<innerBoundaryIs>%s</innerBoundaryIs>" % self[i + 1].kml
+            for i in range(self.num_interior_rings)
+        )
+        return "<Polygon><outerBoundaryIs>%s</outerBoundaryIs>%s</Polygon>" % (
+            self[0].kml,
+            inner_kml,
+        )

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prepared.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+from .base import GEOSBase
+from .prototypes import prepared as capi
+
+
+class PreparedGeometry(GEOSBase):
+    """
+    A geometry that is prepared for performing certain operations.
+    At the moment this includes the contains covers, and intersects
+    operations.
+    """
+
+    ptr_type = capi.PREPGEOM_PTR
+    destructor = capi.prepared_destroy
+
+    def __init__(self, geom):
+        # Keeping a reference to the original geometry object to prevent it
+        # from being garbage collected which could then crash the prepared one
+        # See #21662
+        self._base_geom = geom
+        from .geometry import GEOSGeometry
+
+        if not isinstance(geom, GEOSGeometry):
+            raise TypeError
+        self.ptr = capi.geos_prepare(geom.ptr)
+
+    def contains(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_contains(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def contains_properly(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_contains_properly(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def covers(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_covers(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def intersects(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_intersects(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def crosses(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_crosses(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def disjoint(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_disjoint(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def overlaps(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_overlaps(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def touches(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_touches(self.ptr, other.ptr)
+
+    def within(self, other):
+        return capi.prepared_within(self.ptr, other.ptr)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+"""
+This module contains all of the GEOS ctypes function prototypes. Each
+prototype handles the interaction between the GEOS library and Python
+via ctypes.
+"""
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.coordseq import (  # NOQA
+    create_cs,
+    cs_clone,
+    cs_getdims,
+    cs_getordinate,
+    cs_getsize,
+    cs_getx,
+    cs_gety,
+    cs_getz,
+    cs_is_ccw,
+    cs_setordinate,
+    cs_setx,
+    cs_sety,
+    cs_setz,
+    get_cs,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.geom import (  # NOQA
+    create_collection,
+    create_empty_polygon,
+    create_linearring,
+    create_linestring,
+    create_point,
+    create_polygon,
+    destroy_geom,
+    geom_clone,
+    geos_get_srid,
+    geos_makevalid,
+    geos_normalize,
+    geos_set_srid,
+    geos_type,
+    geos_typeid,
+    get_dims,
+    get_extring,
+    get_geomn,
+    get_intring,
+    get_nrings,
+    get_num_coords,
+    get_num_geoms,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.misc import *  # NOQA
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.predicates import (  # NOQA
+    geos_contains,
+    geos_covers,
+    geos_crosses,
+    geos_disjoint,
+    geos_equals,
+    geos_equalsexact,
+    geos_equalsidentical,
+    geos_hasz,
+    geos_intersects,
+    geos_isclosed,
+    geos_isempty,
+    geos_isring,
+    geos_issimple,
+    geos_isvalid,
+    geos_overlaps,
+    geos_relatepattern,
+    geos_touches,
+    geos_within,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.topology import *  # NOQA

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/coordseq.py

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+from ctypes import POINTER, c_byte, c_double, c_int, c_uint
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import CS_PTR, GEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import GEOSException, last_arg_byref
+
+
+# ## Error-checking routines specific to coordinate sequences. ##
+def check_cs_op(result, func, cargs):
+    "Check the status code of a coordinate sequence operation."
+    if result == 0:
+        raise GEOSException("Could not set value on coordinate sequence")
+    else:
+        return result
+
+
+def check_cs_get(result, func, cargs):
+    "Check the coordinate sequence retrieval."
+    check_cs_op(result, func, cargs)
+    # Object in by reference, return its value.
+    return last_arg_byref(cargs)
+
+
+# ## Coordinate sequence prototype factory classes. ##
+class CsInt(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "For coordinate sequence routines that return an integer."
+
+    argtypes = [CS_PTR, POINTER(c_uint)]
+    restype = c_int
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_cs_get)
+
+
+class CsOperation(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "For coordinate sequence operations."
+
+    restype = c_int
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, ordinate=False, get=False, **kwargs):
+        if get:
+            # Get routines have double parameter passed-in by reference.
+            errcheck = check_cs_get
+            dbl_param = POINTER(c_double)
+        else:
+            errcheck = check_cs_op
+            dbl_param = c_double
+
+        if ordinate:
+            # Get/Set ordinate routines have an extra uint parameter.
+            argtypes = [CS_PTR, c_uint, c_uint, dbl_param]
+        else:
+            argtypes = [CS_PTR, c_uint, dbl_param]
+
+        super().__init__(
+            *args, **{**kwargs, "errcheck": errcheck, "argtypes": argtypes}
+        )
+
+
+class CsOutput(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    restype = CS_PTR
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def errcheck(result, func, cargs):
+        if not result:
+            raise GEOSException(
+                "Error encountered checking Coordinate Sequence returned from GEOS "
+                'C function "%s".' % func.__name__
+            )
+        return result
+
+
+# ## Coordinate Sequence ctypes prototypes ##
+
+# Coordinate Sequence constructors & cloning.
+cs_clone = CsOutput("GEOSCoordSeq_clone", argtypes=[CS_PTR])
+create_cs = CsOutput("GEOSCoordSeq_create", argtypes=[c_uint, c_uint])
+get_cs = CsOutput("GEOSGeom_getCoordSeq", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR])
+
+# Getting, setting ordinate
+cs_getordinate = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_getOrdinate", ordinate=True, get=True)
+cs_setordinate = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_setOrdinate", ordinate=True)
+
+# For getting, x, y, z
+cs_getx = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_getX", get=True)
+cs_gety = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_getY", get=True)
+cs_getz = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_getZ", get=True)
+
+# For setting, x, y, z
+cs_setx = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_setX")
+cs_sety = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_setY")
+cs_setz = CsOperation("GEOSCoordSeq_setZ")
+
+# These routines return size & dimensions.
+cs_getsize = CsInt("GEOSCoordSeq_getSize")
+cs_getdims = CsInt("GEOSCoordSeq_getDimensions")
+
+cs_is_ccw = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSCoordSeq_isCCW", restype=c_int, argtypes=[CS_PTR, POINTER(c_byte)]
+)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/errcheck.py

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+"""
+Error checking functions for GEOS ctypes prototype functions.
+"""
+
+from ctypes import c_void_p, string_at
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.error import GEOSException
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOSFuncFactory
+
+# Getting the `free` routine used to free the memory allocated for
+# string pointers returned by GEOS.
+free = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSFree")
+free.argtypes = [c_void_p]
+
+
+def last_arg_byref(args):
+    "Return the last C argument's value by reference."
+    return args[-1]._obj.value
+
+
+def check_dbl(result, func, cargs):
+    "Check the status code and returns the double value passed in by reference."
+    # Checking the status code
+    if result != 1:
+        return None
+    # Double passed in by reference, return its value.
+    return last_arg_byref(cargs)
+
+
+def check_geom(result, func, cargs):
+    "Error checking on routines that return Geometries."
+    if not result:
+        raise GEOSException(
+            'Error encountered checking Geometry returned from GEOS C function "%s".'
+            % func.__name__
+        )
+    return result
+
+
+def check_minus_one(result, func, cargs):
+    "Error checking on routines that should not return -1."
+    if result == -1:
+        raise GEOSException(
+            'Error encountered in GEOS C function "%s".' % func.__name__
+        )
+    else:
+        return result
+
+
+def check_predicate(result, func, cargs):
+    "Error checking for unary/binary predicate functions."
+    if result == 1:
+        return True
+    elif result == 0:
+        return False
+    else:
+        raise GEOSException(
+            'Error encountered on GEOS C predicate function "%s".' % func.__name__
+        )
+
+
+def check_sized_string(result, func, cargs):
+    """
+    Error checking for routines that return explicitly sized strings.
+
+    This frees the memory allocated by GEOS at the result pointer.
+    """
+    if not result:
+        raise GEOSException(
+            'Invalid string pointer returned by GEOS C function "%s"' % func.__name__
+        )
+    # A c_size_t object is passed in by reference for the second
+    # argument on these routines, and its needed to determine the
+    # correct size.
+    s = string_at(result, last_arg_byref(cargs))
+    # Freeing the memory allocated within GEOS
+    free(result)
+    return s
+
+
+def check_string(result, func, cargs):
+    """
+    Error checking for routines that return strings.
+
+    This frees the memory allocated by GEOS at the result pointer.
+    """
+    if not result:
+        raise GEOSException(
+            'Error encountered checking string return value in GEOS C function "%s".'
+            % func.__name__
+        )
+    # Getting the string value at the pointer address.
+    s = string_at(result)
+    # Freeing the memory allocated within GEOS
+    free(result)
+    return s

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/geom.py

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+from ctypes import POINTER, c_char_p, c_int, c_ubyte, c_uint
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import CS_PTR, GEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import (
+    check_geom,
+    check_minus_one,
+    check_string,
+)
+
+# This is the return type used by binary output (WKB, HEX) routines.
+c_uchar_p = POINTER(c_ubyte)
+
+
+# We create a simple subclass of c_char_p here because when the response
+# type is set to c_char_p, you get a _Python_ string and there's no way
+# to access the string's address inside the error checking function.
+# In other words, you can't free the memory allocated inside GEOS.  Previously,
+# the return type would just be omitted and the integer address would be
+# used -- but this allows us to be specific in the function definition and
+# keeps the reference so it may be free'd.
+class geos_char_p(c_char_p):
+    pass
+
+
+# ### ctypes factory classes ###
+class GeomOutput(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "For GEOS routines that return a geometry."
+
+    restype = GEOM_PTR
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_geom)
+
+
+class IntFromGeom(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "Argument is a geometry, return type is an integer."
+
+    argtypes = [GEOM_PTR]
+    restype = c_int
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_minus_one)
+
+
+class StringFromGeom(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "Argument is a Geometry, return type is a string."
+
+    argtypes = [GEOM_PTR]
+    restype = geos_char_p
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_string)
+
+
+# ### ctypes prototypes ###
+
+# The GEOS geometry type, typeid, num_coordinates and number of geometries
+geos_makevalid = GeomOutput("GEOSMakeValid", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR])
+geos_normalize = IntFromGeom("GEOSNormalize")
+geos_type = StringFromGeom("GEOSGeomType")
+geos_typeid = IntFromGeom("GEOSGeomTypeId")
+get_dims = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSGeom_getDimensions", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR], restype=c_int)
+get_num_coords = IntFromGeom("GEOSGetNumCoordinates")
+get_num_geoms = IntFromGeom("GEOSGetNumGeometries")
+
+# Geometry creation factories
+create_point = GeomOutput("GEOSGeom_createPoint", argtypes=[CS_PTR])
+create_linestring = GeomOutput("GEOSGeom_createLineString", argtypes=[CS_PTR])
+create_linearring = GeomOutput("GEOSGeom_createLinearRing", argtypes=[CS_PTR])
+
+# Polygon and collection creation routines need argument types defined
+# for compatibility with some platforms, e.g. macOS ARM64. With argtypes
+# defined, arrays are automatically cast and byref() calls are not needed.
+create_polygon = GeomOutput(
+    "GEOSGeom_createPolygon",
+    argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, POINTER(GEOM_PTR), c_uint],
+)
+create_empty_polygon = GeomOutput("GEOSGeom_createEmptyPolygon", argtypes=[])
+create_collection = GeomOutput(
+    "GEOSGeom_createCollection",
+    argtypes=[c_int, POINTER(GEOM_PTR), c_uint],
+)
+
+# Ring routines
+get_extring = GeomOutput("GEOSGetExteriorRing", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR])
+get_intring = GeomOutput("GEOSGetInteriorRingN", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_int])
+get_nrings = IntFromGeom("GEOSGetNumInteriorRings")
+
+# Collection Routines
+get_geomn = GeomOutput("GEOSGetGeometryN", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_int])
+
+# Cloning
+geom_clone = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSGeom_clone", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR], restype=GEOM_PTR)
+
+# Destruction routine.
+destroy_geom = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSGeom_destroy", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR])
+
+# SRID routines
+geos_get_srid = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSGetSRID", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR], restype=c_int)
+geos_set_srid = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSSetSRID", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_int])

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/io.py

@@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
+import threading
+from ctypes import POINTER, Structure, byref, c_byte, c_char_p, c_int, c_size_t
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.base import GEOSBase
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import (
+    GEOM_PTR,
+    GEOSFuncFactory,
+    geos_version_tuple,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import (
+    check_geom,
+    check_sized_string,
+    check_string,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.geom import c_uchar_p, geos_char_p
+from django.utils.encoding import force_bytes
+from django.utils.functional import SimpleLazyObject
+
+
+# ### The WKB/WKT Reader/Writer structures and pointers ###
+class WKTReader_st(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class WKTWriter_st(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class WKBReader_st(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+class WKBWriter_st(Structure):
+    pass
+
+
+WKT_READ_PTR = POINTER(WKTReader_st)
+WKT_WRITE_PTR = POINTER(WKTWriter_st)
+WKB_READ_PTR = POINTER(WKBReader_st)
+WKB_WRITE_PTR = POINTER(WKBReader_st)
+
+# WKTReader routines
+wkt_reader_create = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKTReader_create", restype=WKT_READ_PTR)
+wkt_reader_destroy = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKTReader_destroy", argtypes=[WKT_READ_PTR])
+
+wkt_reader_read = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTReader_read",
+    argtypes=[WKT_READ_PTR, c_char_p],
+    restype=GEOM_PTR,
+    errcheck=check_geom,
+)
+# WKTWriter routines
+wkt_writer_create = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKTWriter_create", restype=WKT_WRITE_PTR)
+wkt_writer_destroy = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKTWriter_destroy", argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR])
+
+wkt_writer_write = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTWriter_write",
+    argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR, GEOM_PTR],
+    restype=geos_char_p,
+    errcheck=check_string,
+)
+
+wkt_writer_get_outdim = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTWriter_getOutputDimension", argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR], restype=c_int
+)
+wkt_writer_set_outdim = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTWriter_setOutputDimension", argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR, c_int]
+)
+
+wkt_writer_set_trim = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTWriter_setTrim", argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR, c_byte]
+)
+wkt_writer_set_precision = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSWKTWriter_setRoundingPrecision", argtypes=[WKT_WRITE_PTR, c_int]
+)
+
+# WKBReader routines
+wkb_reader_create = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKBReader_create", restype=WKB_READ_PTR)
+wkb_reader_destroy = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKBReader_destroy", argtypes=[WKB_READ_PTR])
+
+
+class WKBReadFunc(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    # Although the function definitions take `const unsigned char *`
+    # as their parameter, we use c_char_p here so the function may
+    # take Python strings directly as parameters.  Inside Python there
+    # is not a difference between signed and unsigned characters, so
+    # it is not a problem.
+    argtypes = [WKB_READ_PTR, c_char_p, c_size_t]
+    restype = GEOM_PTR
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_geom)
+
+
+wkb_reader_read = WKBReadFunc("GEOSWKBReader_read")
+wkb_reader_read_hex = WKBReadFunc("GEOSWKBReader_readHEX")
+
+# WKBWriter routines
+wkb_writer_create = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKBWriter_create", restype=WKB_WRITE_PTR)
+wkb_writer_destroy = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSWKBWriter_destroy", argtypes=[WKB_WRITE_PTR])
+
+
+# WKB Writing prototypes.
+class WKBWriteFunc(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    argtypes = [WKB_WRITE_PTR, GEOM_PTR, POINTER(c_size_t)]
+    restype = c_uchar_p
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_sized_string)
+
+
+wkb_writer_write = WKBWriteFunc("GEOSWKBWriter_write")
+wkb_writer_write_hex = WKBWriteFunc("GEOSWKBWriter_writeHEX")
+
+
+# WKBWriter property getter/setter prototypes.
+class WKBWriterGet(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    argtypes = [WKB_WRITE_PTR]
+    restype = c_int
+
+
+class WKBWriterSet(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    argtypes = [WKB_WRITE_PTR, c_int]
+
+
+wkb_writer_get_byteorder = WKBWriterGet("GEOSWKBWriter_getByteOrder")
+wkb_writer_set_byteorder = WKBWriterSet("GEOSWKBWriter_setByteOrder")
+wkb_writer_get_outdim = WKBWriterGet("GEOSWKBWriter_getOutputDimension")
+wkb_writer_set_outdim = WKBWriterSet("GEOSWKBWriter_setOutputDimension")
+wkb_writer_get_include_srid = WKBWriterGet(
+    "GEOSWKBWriter_getIncludeSRID", restype=c_byte
+)
+wkb_writer_set_include_srid = WKBWriterSet(
+    "GEOSWKBWriter_setIncludeSRID", argtypes=[WKB_WRITE_PTR, c_byte]
+)
+
+
+# ### Base I/O Class ###
+class IOBase(GEOSBase):
+    "Base class for GEOS I/O objects."
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Getting the pointer with the constructor.
+        self.ptr = self._constructor()
+        # Loading the real destructor function at this point as doing it in
+        # __del__ is too late (import error).
+        self.destructor.func
+
+
+# ### Base WKB/WKT Reading and Writing objects ###
+
+
+# Non-public WKB/WKT reader classes for internal use because
+# their `read` methods return _pointers_ instead of GEOSGeometry
+# objects.
+class _WKTReader(IOBase):
+    _constructor = wkt_reader_create
+    ptr_type = WKT_READ_PTR
+    destructor = wkt_reader_destroy
+
+    def read(self, wkt):
+        if not isinstance(wkt, (bytes, str)):
+            raise TypeError
+        return wkt_reader_read(self.ptr, force_bytes(wkt))
+
+
+class _WKBReader(IOBase):
+    _constructor = wkb_reader_create
+    ptr_type = WKB_READ_PTR
+    destructor = wkb_reader_destroy
+
+    def read(self, wkb):
+        "Return a _pointer_ to C GEOS Geometry object from the given WKB."
+        if isinstance(wkb, memoryview):
+            wkb_s = bytes(wkb)
+            return wkb_reader_read(self.ptr, wkb_s, len(wkb_s))
+        elif isinstance(wkb, bytes):
+            return wkb_reader_read_hex(self.ptr, wkb, len(wkb))
+        elif isinstance(wkb, str):
+            wkb_s = wkb.encode()
+            return wkb_reader_read_hex(self.ptr, wkb_s, len(wkb_s))
+        else:
+            raise TypeError
+
+
+def default_trim_value():
+    """
+    GEOS changed the default value in 3.12.0. Can be replaced by True when
+    3.12.0 becomes the minimum supported version.
+    """
+    return geos_version_tuple() >= (3, 12)
+
+
+DEFAULT_TRIM_VALUE = SimpleLazyObject(default_trim_value)
+
+
+# ### WKB/WKT Writer Classes ###
+class WKTWriter(IOBase):
+    _constructor = wkt_writer_create
+    ptr_type = WKT_WRITE_PTR
+    destructor = wkt_writer_destroy
+    _precision = None
+
+    def __init__(self, dim=2, trim=False, precision=None):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._trim = DEFAULT_TRIM_VALUE
+        self.trim = trim
+        if precision is not None:
+            self.precision = precision
+        self.outdim = dim
+
+    def write(self, geom):
+        "Return the WKT representation of the given geometry."
+        return wkt_writer_write(self.ptr, geom.ptr)
+
+    @property
+    def outdim(self):
+        return wkt_writer_get_outdim(self.ptr)
+
+    @outdim.setter
+    def outdim(self, new_dim):
+        if new_dim not in (2, 3):
+            raise ValueError("WKT output dimension must be 2 or 3")
+        wkt_writer_set_outdim(self.ptr, new_dim)
+
+    @property
+    def trim(self):
+        return self._trim
+
+    @trim.setter
+    def trim(self, flag):
+        if bool(flag) != self._trim:
+            self._trim = bool(flag)
+            wkt_writer_set_trim(self.ptr, self._trim)
+
+    @property
+    def precision(self):
+        return self._precision
+
+    @precision.setter
+    def precision(self, precision):
+        if (not isinstance(precision, int) or precision < 0) and precision is not None:
+            raise AttributeError(
+                "WKT output rounding precision must be non-negative integer or None."
+            )
+        if precision != self._precision:
+            self._precision = precision
+            wkt_writer_set_precision(self.ptr, -1 if precision is None else precision)
+
+
+class WKBWriter(IOBase):
+    _constructor = wkb_writer_create
+    ptr_type = WKB_WRITE_PTR
+    destructor = wkb_writer_destroy
+    geos_version = geos_version_tuple()
+
+    def __init__(self, dim=2):
+        super().__init__()
+        self.outdim = dim
+
+    def _handle_empty_point(self, geom):
+        from django.contrib.gis.geos import Point
+
+        if isinstance(geom, Point) and geom.empty:
+            if self.srid:
+                # PostGIS uses POINT(NaN NaN) for WKB representation of empty
+                # points. Use it for EWKB as it's a PostGIS specific format.
+                # https://trac.osgeo.org/postgis/ticket/3181
+                geom = Point(float("NaN"), float("NaN"), srid=geom.srid)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Empty point is not representable in WKB.")
+        return geom
+
+    def write(self, geom):
+        "Return the WKB representation of the given geometry."
+        geom = self._handle_empty_point(geom)
+        wkb = wkb_writer_write(self.ptr, geom.ptr, byref(c_size_t()))
+        return memoryview(wkb)
+
+    def write_hex(self, geom):
+        "Return the HEXEWKB representation of the given geometry."
+        geom = self._handle_empty_point(geom)
+        wkb = wkb_writer_write_hex(self.ptr, geom.ptr, byref(c_size_t()))
+        return wkb
+
+    # ### WKBWriter Properties ###
+
+    # Property for getting/setting the byteorder.
+    def _get_byteorder(self):
+        return wkb_writer_get_byteorder(self.ptr)
+
+    def _set_byteorder(self, order):
+        if order not in (0, 1):
+            raise ValueError(
+                "Byte order parameter must be 0 (Big Endian) or 1 (Little Endian)."
+            )
+        wkb_writer_set_byteorder(self.ptr, order)
+
+    byteorder = property(_get_byteorder, _set_byteorder)
+
+    # Property for getting/setting the output dimension.
+    @property
+    def outdim(self):
+        return wkb_writer_get_outdim(self.ptr)
+
+    @outdim.setter
+    def outdim(self, new_dim):
+        if new_dim not in (2, 3):
+            raise ValueError("WKB output dimension must be 2 or 3")
+        wkb_writer_set_outdim(self.ptr, new_dim)
+
+    # Property for getting/setting the include srid flag.
+    @property
+    def srid(self):
+        return bool(wkb_writer_get_include_srid(self.ptr))
+
+    @srid.setter
+    def srid(self, include):
+        wkb_writer_set_include_srid(self.ptr, bool(include))
+
+
+# `ThreadLocalIO` object holds instances of the WKT and WKB reader/writer
+# objects that are local to the thread.  The `GEOSGeometry` internals
+# access these instances by calling the module-level functions, defined
+# below.
+class ThreadLocalIO(threading.local):
+    wkt_r = None
+    wkt_w = None
+    wkb_r = None
+    wkb_w = None
+    ewkb_w = None
+
+
+thread_context = ThreadLocalIO()
+
+
+# These module-level routines return the I/O object that is local to the
+# thread. If the I/O object does not exist yet it will be initialized.
+def wkt_r():
+    thread_context.wkt_r = thread_context.wkt_r or _WKTReader()
+    return thread_context.wkt_r
+
+
+def wkt_w(dim=2, trim=False, precision=None):
+    if not thread_context.wkt_w:
+        thread_context.wkt_w = WKTWriter(dim=dim, trim=trim, precision=precision)
+    else:
+        thread_context.wkt_w.outdim = dim
+        thread_context.wkt_w.trim = trim
+        thread_context.wkt_w.precision = precision
+    return thread_context.wkt_w
+
+
+def wkb_r():
+    thread_context.wkb_r = thread_context.wkb_r or _WKBReader()
+    return thread_context.wkb_r
+
+
+def wkb_w(dim=2):
+    if not thread_context.wkb_w:
+        thread_context.wkb_w = WKBWriter(dim=dim)
+    else:
+        thread_context.wkb_w.outdim = dim
+    return thread_context.wkb_w
+
+
+def ewkb_w(dim=2):
+    if not thread_context.ewkb_w:
+        thread_context.ewkb_w = WKBWriter(dim=dim)
+        thread_context.ewkb_w.srid = True
+    else:
+        thread_context.ewkb_w.outdim = dim
+    return thread_context.ewkb_w

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/misc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+"""
+This module is for the miscellaneous GEOS routines, particularly the
+ones that return the area, distance, and length.
+"""
+
+from ctypes import POINTER, c_double, c_int
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import check_dbl, check_string
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.geom import geos_char_p
+
+__all__ = ["geos_area", "geos_distance", "geos_length", "geos_isvalidreason"]
+
+
+class DblFromGeom(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    """
+    Argument is a Geometry, return type is double that is passed
+    in by reference as the last argument.
+    """
+
+    restype = c_int  # Status code returned
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_dbl)
+
+
+# ### ctypes prototypes ###
+
+# Area, distance, and length prototypes.
+geos_area = DblFromGeom("GEOSArea", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, POINTER(c_double)])
+geos_distance = DblFromGeom(
+    "GEOSDistance", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR, POINTER(c_double)]
+)
+geos_length = DblFromGeom("GEOSLength", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, POINTER(c_double)])
+geos_isvalidreason = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSisValidReason", restype=geos_char_p, errcheck=check_string, argtypes=[GEOM_PTR]
+)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/predicates.py

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+"""
+This module houses the GEOS ctypes prototype functions for the
+unary and binary predicate operations on geometries.
+"""
+
+from ctypes import c_byte, c_char_p, c_double
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import check_predicate
+
+
+# ## Binary & unary predicate factories ##
+class UnaryPredicate(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "For GEOS unary predicate functions."
+
+    argtypes = [GEOM_PTR]
+    restype = c_byte
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_predicate)
+
+
+class BinaryPredicate(UnaryPredicate):
+    "For GEOS binary predicate functions."
+
+    argtypes = [GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR]
+
+
+# ## Unary Predicates ##
+geos_hasz = UnaryPredicate("GEOSHasZ")
+geos_isclosed = UnaryPredicate("GEOSisClosed")
+geos_isempty = UnaryPredicate("GEOSisEmpty")
+geos_isring = UnaryPredicate("GEOSisRing")
+geos_issimple = UnaryPredicate("GEOSisSimple")
+geos_isvalid = UnaryPredicate("GEOSisValid")
+
+# ## Binary Predicates ##
+geos_contains = BinaryPredicate("GEOSContains")
+geos_covers = BinaryPredicate("GEOSCovers")
+geos_crosses = BinaryPredicate("GEOSCrosses")
+geos_disjoint = BinaryPredicate("GEOSDisjoint")
+geos_equals = BinaryPredicate("GEOSEquals")
+geos_equalsexact = BinaryPredicate(
+    "GEOSEqualsExact", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR, c_double]
+)
+geos_equalsidentical = BinaryPredicate("GEOSEqualsIdentical")
+geos_intersects = BinaryPredicate("GEOSIntersects")
+geos_overlaps = BinaryPredicate("GEOSOverlaps")
+geos_relatepattern = BinaryPredicate(
+    "GEOSRelatePattern", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR, c_char_p]
+)
+geos_touches = BinaryPredicate("GEOSTouches")
+geos_within = BinaryPredicate("GEOSWithin")

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/prepared.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+from ctypes import c_byte
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR, PREPGEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import check_predicate
+
+# Prepared geometry constructor and destructors.
+geos_prepare = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSPrepare", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR], restype=PREPGEOM_PTR)
+prepared_destroy = GEOSFuncFactory("GEOSPreparedGeom_destroy", argtypes=[PREPGEOM_PTR])
+
+
+# Prepared geometry binary predicate support.
+class PreparedPredicate(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    argtypes = [PREPGEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR]
+    restype = c_byte
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_predicate)
+
+
+prepared_contains = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedContains")
+prepared_contains_properly = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedContainsProperly")
+prepared_covers = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedCovers")
+prepared_crosses = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedCrosses")
+prepared_disjoint = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedDisjoint")
+prepared_intersects = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedIntersects")
+prepared_overlaps = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedOverlaps")
+prepared_touches = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedTouches")
+prepared_within = PreparedPredicate("GEOSPreparedWithin")

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/threadsafe.py

@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+import threading
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.base import GEOSBase
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import CONTEXT_PTR, error_h, lgeos, notice_h
+
+
+class GEOSContextHandle(GEOSBase):
+    """Represent a GEOS context handle."""
+
+    ptr_type = CONTEXT_PTR
+    destructor = lgeos.finishGEOS_r
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # Initializing the context handler for this thread with
+        # the notice and error handler.
+        self.ptr = lgeos.initGEOS_r(notice_h, error_h)
+
+
+# Defining a thread-local object and creating an instance
+# to hold a reference to GEOSContextHandle for this thread.
+class GEOSContext(threading.local):
+    handle = None
+
+
+thread_context = GEOSContext()
+
+
+class GEOSFunc:
+    """
+    Serve as a wrapper for GEOS C Functions. Use thread-safe function
+    variants when available.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, func_name):
+        # GEOS thread-safe function signatures end with '_r' and take an
+        # additional context handle parameter.
+        self.cfunc = getattr(lgeos, func_name + "_r")
+        # Create a reference to thread_context so it's not garbage-collected
+        # before an attempt to call this object.
+        self.thread_context = thread_context
+
+    def __call__(self, *args):
+        # Create a context handle if one doesn't exist for this thread.
+        self.thread_context.handle = self.thread_context.handle or GEOSContextHandle()
+        # Call the threaded GEOS routine with the pointer of the context handle
+        # as the first argument.
+        return self.cfunc(self.thread_context.handle.ptr, *args)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return self.cfunc.__name__
+
+    # argtypes property
+    def _get_argtypes(self):
+        return self.cfunc.argtypes
+
+    def _set_argtypes(self, argtypes):
+        self.cfunc.argtypes = [CONTEXT_PTR, *argtypes]
+
+    argtypes = property(_get_argtypes, _set_argtypes)
+
+    # restype property
+    def _get_restype(self):
+        return self.cfunc.restype
+
+    def _set_restype(self, restype):
+        self.cfunc.restype = restype
+
+    restype = property(_get_restype, _set_restype)
+
+    # errcheck property
+    def _get_errcheck(self):
+        return self.cfunc.errcheck
+
+    def _set_errcheck(self, errcheck):
+        self.cfunc.errcheck = errcheck
+
+    errcheck = property(_get_errcheck, _set_errcheck)

backEnd/venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/django/contrib/gis/geos/prototypes/topology.py

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+"""
+This module houses the GEOS ctypes prototype functions for the
+topological operations on geometries.
+"""
+
+from ctypes import c_double, c_int
+
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.libgeos import GEOM_PTR, GEOSFuncFactory
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.errcheck import (
+    check_geom,
+    check_minus_one,
+    check_string,
+)
+from django.contrib.gis.geos.prototypes.geom import geos_char_p
+
+
+class Topology(GEOSFuncFactory):
+    "For GEOS unary topology functions."
+
+    argtypes = [GEOM_PTR]
+    restype = GEOM_PTR
+    errcheck = staticmethod(check_geom)
+
+
+# Topology Routines
+geos_boundary = Topology("GEOSBoundary")
+geos_buffer = Topology("GEOSBuffer", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double, c_int])
+geos_bufferwithstyle = Topology(
+    "GEOSBufferWithStyle", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double, c_int, c_int, c_int, c_double]
+)
+geos_centroid = Topology("GEOSGetCentroid")
+geos_convexhull = Topology("GEOSConvexHull")
+geos_difference = Topology("GEOSDifference", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR])
+geos_envelope = Topology("GEOSEnvelope")
+geos_intersection = Topology("GEOSIntersection", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR])
+geos_linemerge = Topology("GEOSLineMerge")
+geos_pointonsurface = Topology("GEOSPointOnSurface")
+geos_preservesimplify = Topology(
+    "GEOSTopologyPreserveSimplify", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double]
+)
+geos_simplify = Topology("GEOSSimplify", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double])
+geos_symdifference = Topology("GEOSSymDifference", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR])
+geos_union = Topology("GEOSUnion", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR])
+
+geos_unary_union = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSUnaryUnion", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR], restype=GEOM_PTR
+)
+
+# GEOSRelate returns a string, not a geometry.
+geos_relate = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSRelate",
+    argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR],
+    restype=geos_char_p,
+    errcheck=check_string,
+)
+
+# Linear referencing routines
+geos_project = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSProject",
+    argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR],
+    restype=c_double,
+    errcheck=check_minus_one,
+)
+geos_interpolate = Topology("GEOSInterpolate", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double])
+
+geos_project_normalized = GEOSFuncFactory(
+    "GEOSProjectNormalized",
+    argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, GEOM_PTR],
+    restype=c_double,
+    errcheck=check_minus_one,
+)
+geos_interpolate_normalized = Topology(
+    "GEOSInterpolateNormalized", argtypes=[GEOM_PTR, c_double]
+)